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How to draw a 3D arc (flight path) in ArcGIS Pro?

NickShannon

What's the best way to draw an arc in ArcGIS Pro?

The 'create features --> create circular arc' only works for 2D (from what I can see).

I can import a table with coordinates & Z field, but just wondering if this is the best way.

Thanks in advance.

Screen capture - I would like to create an arc as shown in the example below:

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HeathAnderson

Hi @MeleKoneya1

This is me I had to create a new account. Cool map.

My name is Heath Anderson and I work for the City of Appleton in Appleton, WI. I use some prompt engineering and AI to help generate the code for that I sent you.

Thank You

Heath

MeleKoneya

@HeathAnderson I am going to submit a map to the Esri UC and would like to know how to credit you on the poster

Potato Barn - Gate Fire Yearbook.jpg

MeleKoneya

@HeathAnderson The latest! Can't thank you enough!

MeleKoneya

@HeathAnderson I am still playing around with what you sent, but can't thank you enough for sending the code. I have a ways to go to get the map I want but so far so good. So Cool! Thank you! I'll you posted

MeleKoneya

I love the scene you created, that is very cool! From the looks of what you did, that is exactly what I wanted! Thank you for this code. I will work with against my data and will absolutely share what I am doing when I get there. Mele

HeathAnderson

Hi @MeleKoneya,

The real bulk of of the lines takes place at line 77. When the Geodesic are created. Everything else I preparing to set the start and end locations of the flight path.

lines 77-109 is the mathematical expression to create the circle. Then print the start and end values

(line 78) num_points=100 it will create 100 vertices along the line. You can raise or lower this to smooth it out but I find 100 to be antiquate.

lines 138-146 set the height of the Geodesic line by changes the divisional value

lines 148-164 creates an array to hold the new z-values

lines 166-175 updates the z-vales of the line work to push the geodesic line work to 3D

I hope this helps. If what you are working in is publicly available I would love to see what it looks like. Reply with your site or an image if you'd rather.

Let me know if you need anything else.

Cheer,

Heath

Here is the example of my working site and script. Just for fun https://gis.appleton.org/grinch.html

import arcpy, random, webbrowser, math, datetime
import numpy as np
import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from IPython.display import display
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
from arcpy import GetPortalInfo, GetActivePortalURL

#--- AGOL Login Info ---
agol_org = '[PORTAL AND AGOL URL]'
agol_user = '[USERNAME]' # See line 172 and make that match
agol_pass = '[PASSWORD]'

gis = arcpy.SignInToPortal(agol_org, agol_user, agol_pass)

print(arcpy.GetPortalInfo(portal_URL=arcpy.GetActivePortalURL()))

# Checks to see if the user is signed into Portal
##def portal_sign_in_check() -> None:
##    portal_info: dict = GetPortalInfo(portal_URL = GetActivePortalURL())
##    if portal_info['role'] == '':
##        print('User is not signed-in to portal ' + str(portal_info))
##    else:
##        print('User is signed-in to portal ' + str(portal_info))
##
##print(portal_sign_in_check())

# get Grinch current location
grinchCurXY = "https://services1.arcgis.com/KowZ0VFM04w7hjgW/arcgis/rest/services/Grinch_Location/FeatureServer/0"

for loc in arcpy.da.SearchCursor(grinchCurXY, ["SHAPE@XY", "CITY_NAME", "POP", "CNTRY_NAME"]):
    grXY = loc[0]
    grCity = loc[1]
    grPop = loc[2]
    grCnt = loc[3]
    print ("PointXY: {0}, City: {1}, Population: {2}, Country: {3}".format (loc[0], loc[1], loc[2], loc[3]))

# Update grinch location as historical
griHist = "https://services1.arcgis.com/KowZ0VFM04w7hjgW/arcgis/rest/services/grinchHistoricLocs/FeatureServer/0"
values = [(grXY, grCity, grPop, grCnt)]

griCur = arcpy.da.InsertCursor(griHist, ["SHAPE@XY", "CITY_NAME", "POP", "CNTRY_NAME"])
for loc in values:
    griCur.insertRow(loc)

del griCur

# Updates historical points with xy flight data
arcpy.management.CalculateField(
    in_table=griHist,
    field="START_X",
    expression="-123.105556",
    expression_type="SQL",
    code_block="",
    field_type="TEXT",
    enforce_domains="NO_ENFORCE_DOMAINS"
)

arcpy.management.CalculateField(
    in_table=griHist,
    field="START_Y",
    expression="49.714444",
    expression_type="SQL",
    code_block="",
    field_type="TEXT",
    enforce_domains="NO_ENFORCE_DOMAINS"
)

arcpy.management.CalculateGeometryAttributes(
    in_features=griHist,
    geometry_property="POINT_X POINT_X;POINT_Y POINT_Y",
    length_unit="",
    area_unit="",
    coordinate_system='GEOGCS["GCS_WGS_1984",DATUM["D_WGS_1984",SPHEROID["WGS_1984",6378137.0,298.257223563]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]]',
    coordinate_format="SAME_AS_INPUT"
)

# Create a function to generate points along the geodesic
def great_circle_points(start, end, num_points=100):
    lat1, lon1 = np.radians(start[1]), np.radians(start[0])
    lat2, lon2 = np.radians(end[1]), np.radians(end[0])
    
    d = 2 * np.arcsin(np.sqrt(np.sin((lat2 - lat1) / 2) ** 2 +
                              np.cos(lat1) * np.cos(lat2) * np.sin((lon2 - lon1) / 2) ** 2))
    
    lats = np.linspace(lat1, lat2, num_points)
    lons = np.linspace(lon1, lon2, num_points)
    
    arc_points = []
    for i in range(num_points + 1):
        a = math.sin((1 - i / num_points) * d) / math.sin(d)
        b = math.sin((i / num_points) * d) / math.sin(d)
        x = a * np.cos(lat1) * np.cos(lon1) + b * np.cos(lat2) * np.cos(lon2)
        y = a * np.cos(lat1) * np.sin(lon1) + b * np.cos(lat2) * np.sin(lon2)
        z = a * np.sin(lat1) + b * np.sin(lat2)
        lat = np.arctan2(z, np.sqrt(x * x + y * y))
        lon = np.arctan2(y, x)
        arc_points.append((np.degrees(lon), np.degrees(lat)))
    
    return arc_points


#set geodesic startup
for loc in arcpy.da.SearchCursor(griHist, ["SHAPE@XY", "CITY_NAME", "POP", "CNTRY_NAME", "START_X", "START_Y", "POINT_X", "POINT_Y"]):
    start_point = (loc[4], loc[5])
    end_point = (loc[6], loc[7])
    
    print ("Start point: {0}, End point: {1}".format (start_point, end_point))



# calculate geodesic

# Generate geodesic points
arc_points = great_circle_points(start_point, end_point)

# Convert to 3D with Z values
line_length = arcpy.PointGeometry(arcpy.Point(*start_point)).distanceTo(arcpy.PointGeometry(arcpy.Point(*end_point)))

z_values = line_length * np.sin(np.linspace(0, math.pi, len(arc_points)))
arc_points_3d = [(lon, lat, z) for (lon, lat), z in zip(arc_points, z_values)]

# Use arcpy to create a polyline and save it to a feature class
arcpy.env.workspace = "[WORK SPACE ENVIRONMENT]"
arcpy.env.overwriteOutput = True
sr = arcpy.SpatialReference(4326)  # WGS84

# Create the polyline geometry
polyline = arcpy.Polyline(arcpy.Array([arcpy.Point(*coords) for coords in arc_points_3d]), sr)

# Save the polyline to a feature class
arcpy.management.CreateFeatureclass(arcpy.env.workspace, "geodesicArc3D", "POLYLINE", spatial_reference=sr, has_z="ENABLED")
with arcpy.da.InsertCursor("geodesicArc3D", ["SHAPE@"]) as cursor:
    cursor.insertRow([polyline])

#TEMPFlights = "holding"
TEMPFlights = "geodesicArc3D"

# Calculate the geodesic distance (length of the line)
with arcpy.da.SearchCursor(TEMPFlights, ["SHAPE@"]) as cursor:
    for row in cursor:
        line = row[0]
        start_point = line.firstPoint
        end_point = line.lastPoint
        line_length = line.getLength("GEODESIC")/5

del cursor

# Function to adjust Z-values in a semi-circle arc
def adjust_z_values_semi_circle(line, max_z):
    num_points = len(line.getPart(0))
    angles = np.linspace(0, np.pi, num_points)
    z_values = max_z * np.sin(angles)
    
    # Print the Z-values
    print("Z-values for each vertex:")
    for i, z in enumerate(z_values):
        print(f"Vertex {i + 1}: Z = {z}")
    
    # Create new vertices with updated Z-values
    new_vertices = []
    for i, point in enumerate(line.getPart(0)):
        new_vertices.append(arcpy.Point(point.X, point.Y, z_values[i]))
    
    return arcpy.Array(new_vertices), z_values

# Extract all vertices and update their Z-values
with arcpy.da.UpdateCursor(TEMPFlights, ["SHAPE@"]) as cursor:
    for row in cursor:
        line = row[0]
        new_vertices, z_values = adjust_z_values_semi_circle(line, line_length)
        new_line = arcpy.Polyline(arcpy.Array([new_vertices]), line.spatialReference, has_z=True)
        row[0] = new_line
        cursor.updateRow(row)
        
del cursor

print("Z-values have been updated successfully.")

# Plot the Z-values
'''
plt.plot(z_values)
plt.title("Z-values Along the Arc (Semi-Circle Shape)")
plt.xlabel("Vertex Index")
plt.ylabel("Z Value (meters)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
'''

# Grinch Flight lines
grinLine = "https://services1.arcgis.com/KowZ0VFM04w7hjgW/arcgis/rest/services/flightpath/FeatureServer/0"

arcpy.management.Append(
    inputs="geodesicArc3D",
    target=grinLine,
    schema_type="NO_TEST",
    field_mapping='POINT_X "POINT_X" true true false 0 Double 0 0,First,#;POINT_Y "POINT_Y" true true false 0 Double 0 0,First,#;START_X "START_X" true true false 0 Double 0 0,First,#;START_Y "START_Y" true true false 0 Double 0 0,First,#',
    subtype="",
    expression="",
    match_fields=None,
    update_geometry="NOT_UPDATE_GEOMETRY"
)

print ("done")

MeleKoneya

@HeathAnderson Yes! That is what I am looking to create. I am working on a regional level with Origin and Destinations from Fire stations to fire calls but want to show them like what you sent. I'd be interested to know how you did yours. Looks great!

HeathAnderson

Hi @MeleKoneya,

I do believe I have a solution for you. Please take a look at the image and let me know if this is what you would like to recreate and I can share my solution?

Cheers,

Heath

MeleKoneya

I'd be interested if any one has figured this out. I have origin destination links from our fire stations to fire calls and I want to display them like 3D arches rather than straight lines. I have some python samples but none do what I want with a nice curve in 3D from point to point. Thank you for any insights.

HeathAnderson

Hi NickShannon,

I am revisiting this problem I have creating an arc. Could you elaborate on what X and D stand for and how they are calculated? If possible could you provide and example?

Best

Heath

OlesyaBerenbak

What is D2 in your formula: X^2*-1 + D2?

HelenaÅstveit

Hei. I have the a little bit of the same problem. I am trying to visualize projectile trajectory in arcgis. can you help me out?

HeathAnderson

Yes, I would be happy with either.

Thank you,

Heath

NickShannon

I figured out a way to create the 3D arcs manually.

It’s a multi-step process that involves creating a table of X & Y for all the points of the path you want to turned into a 3D arc, then calculating the Z value (in metres) using a formula: X^2*-1 + D2.

I was planning to create a model for the process.

I’m happy to share the steps with you (or the model if I get around to making it).

I was hoping to find a more efficient way to do this, or even better, an ArcGIS tool to do it for me! I suspect you’re after the something.

HeathAnderson

Where you able to get this figured out? I'm sure it is possible, but I'm just overlooking some small item.

Best,

Heath

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