Are you signing into ArcGIS Online or Portal for ArcGIS (as part of ArcGIS Enterprise)?
Have you added a URL to sign in or is it pointing to the default ArcGIS Online?
You shouldn't have certificate issues if it's ArcGIS Online as it'll be trusted by Survey123 by default.
What's the default browser on the laptop?
Maybe try changing the default browser or configuring it to sign in via an external browser.
Or checking the Internet Options on Internet Explorer.
The suggestions are going to differ a lot if you are working with the Esri SaaS ArcGIS Online, or Portal for ArcGIS, as the latter will have certificates managed by your company, not Esri.