I bought a student license and when I try to open Arc Pro for the first time I keep getting this error preventing me from going any further. Why?
With a ArcGIS Pro Student license, you do have installation support. I recommend reaching out to Esri Support Services to resolve the licensing error. They'll be able to take care of this quickly!
That error message would suggest to me that you are signed into the wrong account, potentially a public account? Make sure that you are signed into the account that has the Pro license assigned.