There are two primary ways we've seen users implement a solution to this problem. They either use dynamic segmentation to identify the routes along your road centerlines. Or, use a series of simple features managed in a topology on top of your primary road centerlines. While the simple features approach may require you to duplicate the geometry, it is a pretty simple way to maintain the information by non-GIS users.
We'll begin to incorporate additional public works layers like snow routes in our solution offering in late 2013 and early 2014 and will provide some tools to make this easier going forward. Hope this helps in the near term.
Scott