Anthony and Nicole,
Nicole is correct, you wouldn't be able to do this out of the box with just Survey123. You could do some back end geoprocessing however. You could collect your geopoint with Survey123 and on the back end at night or every couple of hours or minutes fire of a geoprocessing task that utilizes GeoEnrichment to grab census data with in a mile/2mile/3Mile etc buffer and then you could have the total number of homesteads. However that is looking at Census data that has already been collected from 2010. You could also do this with LiDAR analysis to detect volumetric change. You would need multiple years of LiDAR data to compare but it would show new structures but it may also catch additions made to existing structures too but some simple analysis could probably eliminate additions from the results.
Eric J. Rodenberg | Solution Engineer Transportation Practice
Esri | 7775 Walton Pkwy, Suite 270 | New Albany, Ohio 43054-8202 | USA
T 614-933-8698, ext. 5503 | erodenberg@esri.com | esri.com