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In Select by Attributes, can do a SELECT IN statement with mdb or SDE with:
[NAME] IN
(SELECT [NAME]
FROM RoadLinework_FC As Tmp
GROUP BY [NAME]
HAVING Count( [NAME]) > 1)
fgdb has issues with certain SQL functions. While most work, others (including "GROUP BY") don't.
This is really RDBMS dependent (also for syntax).
And when it can be done, biggest trick is to ensure a 1:1 return, not 1:many or many:1.
Or, as said above, "It's fixed in 10"
What version of ArcGIS are you using? Support for DISTINCT was added at 10.0 and for GROUP BY at 10.1. There are no GP Tools that supports DISTINCT and GROUP BY with the file geodatabase. You need to use ArcObjects (IQueryDef).