For personal geodatabases the answer would be no because the Runtime APIs do not support personal geodatabases. I've pointed to the documentation that states this below.
Although runtime won't allow you to edit personal geodatabases directly, I may be able to point you to another workflow that would allow you to adopt this API. Could you provide more information on the workflow you're needing to accomplish with the runtime sdk? Also, do you have access to ArcGIS Server?
Supported Geodatabase Formats
https://developers.arcgis.com/net/desktop/guide/supported-geodatabase-formats.htm