Yes, this is possible depending on how your ArcGIS Workflow is exposed.
If the workflow can be triggered through a REST endpoint or an API, you can invoke it from Salesforce using Apex with an HTTP callout. From there, you can launch the Apex class through Process Builder, Flow, or another automation tool based on your business process.
If you're using ArcGIS Workflow Manager, check whether the workflow supports REST services or webhooks, as those are typically the easiest integration points with Salesforce.
We’ve implemented similar Salesforce and GIS integrations where Apex handles the authentication and request, allowing workflows to start automatically without manual intervention.
If you're looking for sample code, sharing the ArcGIS Workflow Manager version and how the workflow is published would help narrow down the best approach.
From the team at Girikon Salesforce Consulting.
