The year is 2025 and I have just spent 2 hours on this issue. For reasons, I needed to install ArcPro 3.2.x. The solution for me, which has not been mentioned explicitly, is that I had to run the installer as an administrator. Specifically, the one that asks where to extract the package to and then asks if you want to run the installer. This was the ONLY way I was able to get past the "you need .net" window. Hopefully this helps someone.
I am in the IT department, but do not have admin creds. It never occured to me, as the installer (neither the .exe package extractor nor the .msi installer) never mentions running as an admin, nor does it seem to require it on the surface. Just wanted to share this.