I have Python code that creates a file geodatabase on the user's local data directory, creates some features in the .gdb (involves copying features, merging, intersecting, etc.) and results in a feature class in that local .gdb that I then want to add to the current map document, to show the results of all the Python/arcpy processing for the user that ran the tool.
The issue is that in 10.2 arcpy.MakeFeatureLayer_management does not add my final feature class to the current map document's TOC, So I use arcpy.mapping.Layer to make a layer of my final product and then use arcpy.mapping.AddLayer to add the layer to the current map document. Works great.