A one to many relationship (features to table) would work nicely for what you've described. But it is not possible to edit a table and there is no logic for editing related feature classes or tables.
There are workarounds for editing tables but they do not sound workable. Still the lack of support for relationships remains.
ArcPad handles relationships. But not for data hosted on ArcGIS Server...only locally stored data. ArcPad 10.2 supports editing ArcGIS Server feature services (tested this in Beta). Not sure if 10.2 handles relationships managed by ArcGIS Server. ArcPad 10.2 has not been released.
Pretty sure all this stated about Collector also applies to ArcGIS for iOS.
Corrections are welcome.