If I'm not mistaken, when you uploaded your shapefile initially you had the option to have it become a hosted feature service or just store it as a shapefile. If you go into 'My Contents' in AGOL you should see your shapefile stored there, along with the feature service you posted a picture of. If you click on the shapefile you have the option to download it again.
As well, when you packaged it up in a compressed folder from your computer and uploaded it to AGOL the original shapefile should still be on your computer and accessible. Just because it was uploaded to AGOL doesn't mean it does not exist on your computer any longer.
