With the Extension ArcGIS for Server: Maritime ENC-Data based on S-57, AML and other maritime-specific datasets can be published as a web-service. Unfortunately, the creation of a legend with that service is not supported, so users have to link to the US Chart No.1 from NOAA ENC Online for example to explain the symbology: http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/chart1/ChartNo1.pdf
It would be great, if the creation of a legend would be supported directly with the service generated by the Extension ArcGIS for Server: Maritime.