What can I do to fix an ArcGIS Desktop error?

[MaricelBeltrán_Burgos]

Everytime I try to use ArcGIS Desktop the program closes. It happens when I try to add a basemap or try to use a tool. 

This message appears when the program closes: "ArcGIS Desktop has encountered a serious application error". I installed the Microsoft .net Service Pack 1, I uninstalled the program and reinstalled it again and it keeps closing. I am not able to work with it. What can I do to fix it?

[JayantaPoddar]

What version is your ArcGIS Desktop? Try Resetting your ArcGIS application profile‌.

[MaricelBeltrán_Burgos]

I have the 10.3.1 version. I tried to resetting the application but it did not work.

[DanPatterson_Retired]

if you follow Jayanta's links, you also have to ensure that other applications etc that rely on ArcMap are also removed so that you computer has absolutely no reference to it at any level .. sometimes this is at the registry level.  

[Surajshah1]

have you run comaptibility check with your desktop?