Try converting your raster to 32 bit floating point using the copy raster tool and then rerun. When depression evaluation encounters an integer grid it has to build VAT files and unless you change the VAT limits in the "secret esri settings" it will choke; floating point doesn't require the VATs. I encountered the same problem using a 5m LIDAR derived DEM for a HUC8 watershed and this was my work around.
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